Diagnostic Confirmation:
To confirm the diagnosis and determine the causes of blood count abnormalities, SM-Clinic performs laboratory diagnostics for anemia. Our specialists conduct all tests using high-precision instruments and disposable consumables.
Causes of Anemia
Anemia primarily arises from disruptions in the supply, transport, and absorption of iron, which can occur as an independent issue or develop in the context of other diseases or surgical interventions.
Iron Deficiency:
Iron deficiency is the most common nutritional deficiency in the body. It often develops in pregnant women and preschool-aged children. In men, iron deficiency anemia is five times less common than in women of childbearing age, which is linked to the physiology of the female body—monthly bleeding during menstruation.
There are two possible types of iron deficiency: absolute and functional. Functional iron deficiency occurs when the blood’s iron content is insufficient due to an increased need for iron in the bone marrow amid stimulated erythropoiesis (the production of red blood cells).
Increased Risk Factors:
The risk of developing anemia is higher in individuals with gastrointestinal tract diseases (such as gastritis, peptic ulcers, and inflammatory bowel disease), diabetes mellitus, autoimmune diseases (such as systemic lupus erythematosus and systemic sclerosis), and severe infectious diseases (such as tuberculosis, osteomyelitis, and bacterial endocarditis).
Hereditary Anemia:
Certain types of anemia are hereditary, with genetic factors playing a decisive role in their development.
In cases of vitamin B12 deficiency, fatty acid metabolism is disrupted, leading to the accumulation of neurotoxic methylmalonic and propionic acids. This disruption affects the synthesis of myelin, the substance that forms the myelin sheath of nerve fibers. Consequently, the posterior and lateral columns of the spinal cord are damaged.
Treatment of Anemia
Unfortunately, iron deficiency anemia (IDA) has long been relegated to the category of everyday bodily issues, which is why many patients do not pay attention to it. The doctors at SM-Clinic recommend starting treatment as early as possible. It is particularly important to follow the recommendations for patients at risk: pregnant and nursing women, as well as children.
The specialists at SM-Clinic strongly oppose a classical approach to the treatment of anemia in women and men; instead, they prescribe treatment individually for each patient based on their specific clinical situation. The experience and high qualifications of our doctors allow us to choose effective means to treat this condition.
The treatment plan for iron deficiency includes two stages:
- Use of Iron Supplements:
- Depending on the severity of the condition, supplements may be prescribed in the form of tablets or drops for oral administration, or administered to the patient via infusion.
- Maintenance Therapy:
- This is prescribed according to indications after the main course of treatment, aimed at restoring the functions of internal organs that have suffered from hypoxia.
The specialists at SM-Clinic implement a comprehensive treatment program which includes:
- Eliminating the cause of the disease.
- Nutritional correction.
- Therapy with iron-containing medications.
- Maintenance therapy.
This comprehensive approach ensures that patients receive personalized and effective care for their anemia.
Indications for Treatment
The indication for drug treatment is a decrease in hemoglobin levels to less than 120 g/l in women and less than 130 g/l in men.
The primary goal of treatment is to restore hemoglobin reserves, increase the number of red blood cells, and normalize hematocrit levels. The main effective method for treating iron deficiency anemia is the use of iron supplements administered orally or parenterally (intravenously or intramuscularly).
To restore hemoglobin levels in a patient with iron deficiency anemia, the daily dose of ferrous iron (which is effectively absorbed) should be between 100 to 300 mg, taking into account the depleted iron reserves (approximately 1.5 g).
| Medication Name | Components | Iron Dosage (mg) | Medication Form | Daily Dose (g) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conferon | Succinic acid | 50 | Pills | 3-4 |
| Hiferol | Fumaric acid | 100 | Capsules | 1-2 |
| Hemosphere Prolonged | Ferrous sulfate | 105 | Dragee | 1-2 |
| Ferrogradumet | Plastic matrix – grading | 105 | Pills | 1-2 |
| Actiferrin | D, L-serine | 113.8 | Capsules | 1-2 |
| 34.8 | Syrup | 1 teaspoon per 12 kg body weight | ||
| Ferroplex | Ascorbic acid | 10 | Dragee | 8-10 |
| Sorbifer Durules | Ferrous sulfate + Ascorbic acid | 100 | Pills | 1-2 |
| Tardiferon | Ferrous sulfate + Mucoprotease | 80 | Pills | 1-2 |
| Fenyuls | Ascorbic acid, Nicotinamide, B vitamins | 50 | Capsules | |
| Irovit | Ascorbic acid, Cyanocobalamin, L-lysine | 100 | Capsules | 1-2 |
| Irradien | Ascorbic acid, Folic acid, Cyanocobalamin, L-cysteine, D-fructose, Yeast | 100 | Dragee | 1-2 |
These iron supplements are essential for effectively treating iron deficiency anemia by replenishing iron stores and supporting the production of hemoglobin and red blood cells. The choice of medication and dosage will be determined by a healthcare provider based on the specific needs of the patient.
It is more effective to prescribe medications with a higher content of ferrous iron; they should be taken orally (by mouth) 1 to 2 times a day. This is the most practical approach for patients, and therefore, their adherence to treatment increases. Many dosage forms of iron include ascorbic acid, succinic acid, fructose, cysteine, etc., which contribute to better absorption of iron in the gastrointestinal tract. Iron supplements are better tolerated if taken with food.
To enhance treatment, the diet should include foods rich in iron for all types of anemia: pork and beef liver, veal, beef, buckwheat, green apples, pomegranates, mushrooms, cabbage, beans, and other legumes, dark chocolate, etc.
Leave a Comment